*'''Pointer and Index Registers:''' SP (stack pointer), BP (base pointer), SI (source index), and DI (destination index) used for addressing and data manipulation.
*'''Segment Registers:''' CS (code), DS (data), SS (stack), and ES (extra) which define the memory segments for program code, data, and the stack.
*'''Instruction Pointer and Flags:''' A 16‑bit instruction pointer (IP) and a 16‑bit status register that includes flags (such as zero, carry, sign, overflow, and auxiliary carry) to indicate the outcomes of operations. It also contains the Direction Flag, which controls the direction in which string instructions act: 0 for going up in addresses, and 1 for going down.
== Instruction Set ==