'''Agnus''' is the core chip in the system, managing all access to chip RAM for the 68000 processor and other custom chips through a complex priority system. It includes the '''Blitter''', which enables fast memory data transfers without processor involvement, and the '''Copper''', a video-synchronized co-processor.
'''Denise''' (Display ENabler) serves as the primary video processor, handling a display of 320 or 640 pixels wide by 200 (NTSC) or 256 (PAL) pixels tall without overscan. It supports interlacing for doubled vertical resolution, though this causes flickering on older monitors. Denise uses planar bitmap graphics with one to five bitplanes for 2 to 32 colors from a 4096-color palette, plus a sixth bitplane for special modes like Halfbrite and Hold-And-Modify (HAM). It also manages eight sprites, single-pixel scrolling, "dual-playfield" mode, and processes mouse and digital joystick inputs.
'''Paula''' (Ports, Audio, Uart and Logic) is the audio chip, featuring four hardware-mixed 8-bit PCM sound channels and sample rates up to 28kHz. Beyond audio, Paula manages interrupts, floppy disk drive, serial port, and analog joystick inputs, along with other I/O tasks.